Galapagos Islands

Definition

The Galapagos Islands are an archipelago located in the Pacific Ocean, known for their unique biodiversity and as a living laboratory of evolution. They are famous for their role in Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection, but the islands also face serious ecological challenges due to invasive species that threaten native wildlife and ecosystems.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Galapagos Islands are home to many species that are not found anywhere else on Earth, including the famous Galapagos tortoise and various finches that played a key role in Darwin's studies.
2. Invasive species such as goats, rats, and non-native plants have significantly impacted the native flora and fauna of the islands, leading to population declines and extinctions.
3. Conservation efforts in the Galapagos focus on controlling invasive species and protecting habitats to ensure the survival of endemic species.
4. The islands were declared a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1978 due to their unique ecosystems and biodiversity.
5. Tourism, while beneficial for the economy, can contribute to the spread of invasive species if not managed properly, posing further risks to the delicate ecosystems.

Review Questions

• How do invasive species impact the native biodiversity of the Galapagos Islands?
  • Invasive species disrupt native ecosystems by competing for resources, preying on indigenous wildlife, and spreading diseases. In the Galapagos Islands, organisms such as goats and rats have led to significant declines in native species populations. This competition can result in the extinction of unique species that evolved in isolation on these islands, showcasing the fragile balance of their ecosystems.
• Discuss the conservation measures implemented in the Galapagos Islands to address issues related to invasive species.
  • Conservation measures in the Galapagos Islands include eradication programs for invasive species, strict regulations on human activities, and habitat restoration initiatives. Authorities have implemented biosecurity protocols to prevent new invasive species from entering the islands. These efforts aim to protect endangered native species and restore ecological balance, ensuring that unique habitats remain intact for future generations.
• Evaluate the role of human activity in exacerbating ecological challenges faced by the Galapagos Islands and propose potential solutions.
  • Human activities such as tourism, agriculture, and fishing have significantly contributed to ecological challenges in the Galapagos Islands, particularly through the introduction of invasive species. Overexploitation of resources and habitat destruction also pose threats. To address these issues, solutions could include enhancing education about conservation practices among tourists and locals, implementing stricter regulations on imports, and fostering sustainable tourism initiatives that promote awareness while protecting biodiversity.

Related terms

Biodiversity:

The variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat, which in the context of the Galapagos Islands is characterized by a high number of endemic species.

Invasive Species: Non-native organisms that are introduced to an ecosystem, often causing harm to native species and disrupting ecological balance.

Natural Selection: A process where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring, which is exemplified by the diverse species found in the Galapagos.