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Aragonite

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Earth Systems Science

Definition

Aragonite is a crystalline form of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) that is commonly found in marine environments, especially in the shells of mollusks and the skeletons of corals. Its formation and stability are closely linked to ocean chemistry, particularly the carbonate system, making it highly relevant in discussions about ocean acidification and its impacts on marine ecosystems.

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5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. Aragonite is more soluble in seawater than calcite, meaning it can dissolve more easily in acidic conditions, which is critical when considering ocean acidification.
  2. The stability of aragonite decreases as seawater becomes more acidic, making it harder for organisms like corals and mollusks to build their shells and skeletons.
  3. Aragonite plays a vital role in the biological carbon pump by contributing to the long-term storage of carbon in deep-sea sediments.
  4. Marine organisms that rely on aragonite may face significant challenges in adapting to changing ocean conditions due to increased levels of dissolved COâ‚‚ and lower pH.
  5. Understanding the dynamics of aragonite formation and dissolution is essential for predicting future changes in marine biodiversity and ecosystem health.

Review Questions

  • How does aragonite contribute to marine ecosystems, and why is it important for organisms like corals?
    • Aragonite serves as a crucial building block for marine organisms such as corals and mollusks, enabling them to create protective shells and skeletons. This process not only supports individual species but also contributes to the overall structure of marine ecosystems like coral reefs, which provide habitats for diverse marine life. The availability of aragonite is directly tied to ocean chemistry, making its presence essential for the health and sustainability of these ecosystems.
  • Discuss the impact of ocean acidification on the formation and stability of aragonite in marine environments.
    • Ocean acidification significantly affects the formation and stability of aragonite by lowering seawater pH levels, which leads to increased solubility of aragonite compared to calcite. As COâ‚‚ from the atmosphere dissolves into the ocean, it reacts with water to form carbonic acid, resulting in a decrease in carbonate ion concentration necessary for aragonite formation. This makes it increasingly difficult for organisms that rely on aragonite to build their shells and skeletons, threatening their survival and impacting marine biodiversity.
  • Evaluate the long-term implications of declining aragonite availability on marine biodiversity and ecosystem services.
    • The decline in aragonite availability due to ocean acidification poses significant long-term implications for marine biodiversity and ecosystem services. As key species like corals and shellfish struggle to maintain their structures, entire ecosystems could be compromised, leading to reduced habitat complexity and loss of species diversity. This decline not only affects marine life but also undermines ecosystem services such as coastal protection, tourism, and fisheries that are vital for human economies. Therefore, understanding these changes is crucial for developing strategies to mitigate their effects on marine environments.
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