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Eutrophication

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Biology for Non-STEM Majors

Definition

Eutrophication is the process where water bodies become enriched with nutrients, leading to excessive growth of algae and other aquatic plants. This often results in oxygen depletion and can harm aquatic life.

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5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. Eutrophication is primarily caused by runoff containing nitrogen and phosphorus from agriculture and urban areas.
  2. Algal blooms resulting from eutrophication can produce toxins harmful to both aquatic organisms and humans.
  3. The process of eutrophication can lead to 'dead zones' where oxygen levels are too low to support most marine life.
  4. Eutrophication affects freshwater lakes, rivers, as well as coastal marine ecosystems.
  5. Human activities such as overuse of fertilizers and improper waste disposal accelerate the rate of eutrophication.

Review Questions

  • What are the primary nutrients that cause eutrophication?
  • How does eutrophication lead to dead zones in aquatic environments?
  • What human activities contribute to the acceleration of eutrophication?
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