Dispersal

Definition

Dispersal is the movement of individuals or organisms from their birthplace to other locations where they establish and reproduce. It plays a critical role in gene flow, population dynamics, and speciation processes.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Dispersal mechanisms include wind, water, and animal transportation.
2. Barriers to dispersal can lead to allopatric speciation by geographically isolating populations.
3. The ability of a species to disperse affects its potential range and genetic diversity.
4. Dispersal can mitigate the effects of localized extinction through recolonization.
5. Passive dispersal relies on external forces while active dispersal involves the organism’s own movement.

Review Questions

• What are some common mechanisms of dispersal?
• How does dispersal contribute to speciation?
• Why is genetic diversity important in the context of dispersal?

Related terms

Gene Flow: The transfer of genetic material between separate populations.

Allopatric Speciation: The formation of new species due to geographic isolation.

Colonization: The establishment of a population in a new habitat by a small number of individuals.