Chemoautotrophs

Definition

Chemoautotrophs are organisms that obtain energy through the oxidation of inorganic molecules, such as sulfur or ammonia. They use this energy to synthesize organic compounds from carbon dioxide, functioning as primary producers in certain ecosystems.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Chemoautotrophs do not require sunlight for energy; they rely on chemical reactions involving inorganic molecules.
2. They play a crucial role in deep-sea hydrothermal vent ecosystems, where sunlight does not penetrate.
3. These organisms are often found in extreme environments such as volcanic vents, hot springs, and acidic lakes.
4. Chemoautotrophs contribute to nutrient cycling by converting inorganic substances into forms usable by other living organisms.
5. They include bacteria and archaea, some of which are essential for processes like nitrogen fixation.

Review Questions

• What type of energy source do chemoautotrophs utilize?
• In what types of environments are chemoautotrophs commonly found?
• How do chemoautotrophs contribute to the ecosystem's nutrient cycles?

Related terms

Photoautotrophs: Organisms that carry out photosynthesis to convert solar energy into chemical energy.

Heterotrophs:

Organisms that obtain their nutrients by consuming other living or dead organisms.

Nitrogen Fixation: The process by which certain bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form usable by plants and other organisms.