Bolus

Definition

A bolus is a rounded mass of food that is formed in the mouth after chewing and mixed with saliva. It is then swallowed and travels down the esophagus to the stomach.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The formation of a bolus is the first step in the process of digestion after ingestion.
2. Saliva contains enzymes like amylase which begin the chemical breakdown of carbohydrates in the bolus.
3. The tongue plays a crucial role in shaping the bolus and pushing it toward the pharynx for swallowing.
4. A properly formed bolus ensures that food can be safely transported through the esophagus without causing choking.
5. The texture and consistency of a bolus can affect how easily it moves through the digestive tract.

Review Questions

• What role does saliva play in forming a bolus?
• Why is it important for food to be formed into a bolus before swallowing?
• How does the tongue contribute to the formation of a bolus?

Related terms

Peristalsis:

Involuntary muscle contractions that move food along the digestive tract.

Esophagus:

A muscular tube connecting the throat (pharynx) with the stomach.

Amylase:

An enzyme found in saliva that helps break down carbohydrates into simpler sugars.