Grounded theory is a qualitative research methodology that aims to develop theories based on data systematically gathered and analyzed from the field. It emphasizes generating theories directly from empirical data rather than testing existing theories, allowing researchers to build a deeper understanding of social processes and interactions.
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Grounded theory was developed by sociologists Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss in the 1960s as a way to create theories rooted in real-world observations.
It often involves iterative data collection and analysis, meaning researchers frequently return to the field for more data as their understanding evolves.
Grounded theory can be applied across various fields, including health care, education, and organizational studies, making it versatile for different research questions.
This approach encourages the use of open coding initially, followed by focused coding to distill key concepts before developing a substantive theory.
The end goal of grounded theory research is to produce a theory that is well-grounded in the actual data collected rather than relying on preconceived notions or hypotheses.
Review Questions
How does grounded theory differ from traditional hypothesis-driven research methods?
Grounded theory stands out because it focuses on generating theories from qualitative data rather than starting with existing theories or hypotheses. Researchers using this approach collect data first, allowing themes and patterns to emerge naturally, which they then analyze to develop new theoretical insights. This contrasts with traditional methods that typically test predefined hypotheses using structured approaches.
Discuss how the constant comparative method enhances the process of developing grounded theories.
The constant comparative method significantly enhances grounded theory by allowing researchers to compare new data with existing data continuously. This ongoing comparison helps refine categories and identify nuances within the data, leading to a richer understanding of the phenomena being studied. As researchers engage in this iterative process, they can adapt their theories based on emerging insights, making the final theory more reflective of the actual experiences and perspectives captured in the research.
Evaluate the implications of theoretical sampling in grounded theory research for achieving valid findings.
Theoretical sampling plays a crucial role in ensuring valid findings in grounded theory research by allowing researchers to strategically gather data that can inform and refine their developing theories. By selecting participants or data sources based on their relevance to emerging concepts, researchers can deepen their understanding and enhance the credibility of their findings. This method supports a dynamic exploration of social processes, contributing to well-rounded theories that genuinely reflect the complexity of human behavior.
Related terms
Coding: A process in qualitative research where data is categorized and labeled to identify patterns and themes.
Theoretical Sampling: A method of data collection in grounded theory where new data is gathered based on emerging theories to refine and develop those theories further.
An analytical technique used in grounded theory where new data is constantly compared with existing data to identify similarities, differences, and patterns.