key term - Thyroglobulin

Definition

Thyroglobulin is a large glycoprotein produced by follicular cells in the thyroid gland. It acts as a precursor for the production of thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3).

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Thyroglobulin is stored in the colloid of thyroid follicles.
2. It undergoes iodination to form monoiodotyrosine (MIT) and diiodotyrosine (DIT), which combine to produce T3 and T4.
3. The release of T3 and T4 from thyroglobulin is stimulated by Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH).
4. Elevated levels of thyroglobulin in the blood can be an indicator of thyroid cancer or other thyroid disorders.
5. Thyroglobulin assay tests are used clinically to monitor patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

Review Questions

Related terms

Thyroxine (T4): Thyroxine is one of the main hormones produced by the thyroid gland, involved in regulating metabolism.

Triiodothyronine (T3): Triiodothyronine is a potent hormone derived from T4 that plays critical roles in metabolism and development.

Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH): A hormone produced by the pituitary gland that stimulates the production and release of T3 and T4 from the thyroid gland.