Spirometry

Definition

Spirometry is a common pulmonary function test that measures lung function, specifically the volume and speed of air that can be inhaled and exhaled. It is essential for diagnosing conditions like asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and other disorders affecting breathing.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Spirometry measures two primary components: Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) and Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1).
2. The FEV1/FVC ratio is used to diagnose obstructive and restrictive airway diseases.
3. A reduced FEV1/FVC ratio typically indicates an obstructive lung disease such as asthma or COPD.
4. Spirometry tests are often conducted both before and after administering a bronchodilator to assess the responsiveness of the airways.
5. Normal spirometry values vary based on age, sex, height, and ethnicity.

Review Questions

• What are the primary components measured by spirometry?
• How is the FEV1/FVC ratio used in diagnosing respiratory conditions?
• Why might a spirometry test be conducted both before and after administering a bronchodilator?

Related terms

Forced Vital Capacity (FVC): The total amount of air exhaled forcefully after taking the deepest breath possible.

Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1): The amount of air exhaled during the first second of a forceful breath out.

Bronchodilator: A medication that relaxes muscle bands tightening around the airways, helping to open up the airways in the lungs.