Pan

Definition

Pan is a genus of great apes that includes two extant species: the common chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) and the bonobo (Pan paniscus). These primates are known for their high intelligence, complex social structures, and close genetic relationship to humans.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The genus Pan consists of two species: Pan troglodytes (common chimpanzee) and Pan paniscus (bonobo).
2. Chimpanzees and bonobos share approximately 98-99% of their DNA with humans, making them our closest living relatives.
3. Common chimpanzees are more aggressive and hierarchical compared to the more peaceful and egalitarian bonobos.
4. Both species exhibit complex behaviors such as tool use, social learning, and problem-solving abilities.
5. Bonobos are primarily found in the Democratic Republic of Congo, whereas common chimpanzees have a wider range across central Africa.

Review Questions

• What are the two extant species within the genus Pan?
• How much of their DNA do chimpanzees and bonobos share with humans?
• What behavioral differences exist between common chimpanzees and bonobos?

Related terms

Hominidae: The biological family that includes great apes like orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzees, bonobos, and humans.

Tool Use: The behavior observed in both common chimpanzees and bonobos where they use objects to achieve goals such as obtaining food.

Social Learning: The process by which individuals learn from observing the behaviors of others within their social group; highly developed in primates like those in the genus Pan.