Microfilaments

Definition

Microfilaments are thin, thread-like protein structures that form part of the cytoskeleton. They are primarily composed of actin and play key roles in cell movement, shape, and division.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Microfilaments are made up of actin monomers organized into two intertwined strands.
2. They are essential for cellular processes such as cytokinesis during cell division.
3. Microfilaments facilitate cellular movements including amoeboid movement and muscle contraction.
4. Actin filaments interact with myosin to enable muscle contractions.
5. They provide structural support to the cell by forming a network just beneath the plasma membrane.

Review Questions

• What proteins primarily compose microfilaments?
• How do microfilaments contribute to cell division?
• Explain the role of microfilaments in muscle contraction.

Related terms

Actin:

A globular protein that polymerizes to form microfilaments.

Cytokinesis: The process during cell division where the cytoplasm is divided between two daughter cells.

Myosin: A motor protein that interacts with actin filaments to cause muscle contractions and other types of cellular movement.