Islets of Langerhans are clusters of endocrine cells located in the pancreas. They play a crucial role in regulating blood glucose levels by secreting hormones like insulin and glucagon.
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Islets of Langerhans contain several types of cells, including alpha, beta, delta, and PP cells.
Beta cells within the islets secrete insulin, which lowers blood glucose levels.
Alpha cells secrete glucagon, which raises blood glucose levels.
Delta cells produce somatostatin, which regulates the secretion of other hormones within the islets.
The islets constitute about 1-2% of the total pancreatic mass but are vital for metabolic homeostasis.