Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

Definition

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is a peptide hormone responsible for the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary gland. It plays a critical role in regulating reproductive processes including puberty, sexual development, and fertility.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. GnRH is synthesized and released by neurons in the hypothalamus.
2. The release of GnRH follows a pulsatile pattern, which is essential for its proper function.
3. GnRH stimulates the anterior pituitary gland to secrete FSH and LH, key hormones in reproductive function.
4. Abnormal GnRH secretion can lead to reproductive disorders such as delayed puberty or infertility.
5. GnRH analogs are used in medical treatments for conditions like prostate cancer, endometriosis, and precocious puberty.

Review Questions

• Where is Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) produced?
• What are the primary functions of GnRH in human reproduction?
• How does the pulsatile release of GnRH affect its function?

Related terms

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH): A hormone released by the anterior pituitary that stimulates the growth of ovarian follicles in females and spermatogenesis in males.

Luteinizing Hormone (LH): A hormone released by the anterior pituitary that triggers ovulation and corpus luteum formation in females and testosterone production in males.

Hypothalamus:

A region of the brain responsible for producing hormones that regulate various bodily functions including temperature control, thirst, hunger, sleep, mood, and reproductive processes.