Dissociation

Definition

Dissociation is the process by which molecules split into smaller particles such as atoms, ions, or radicals. In aqueous solutions, dissociation often involves the separation of water molecules into hydrogen ions (H+) and hydroxide ions (OH-).

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Dissociation in water produces hydrogen ions (H+) and hydroxide ions (OH-).
2. The degree of dissociation is influenced by the substance's nature and concentration.
3. Strong acids and bases completely dissociate in water, while weak acids and bases only partially dissociate.
4. Dissociation plays a critical role in pH determination of a solution.
5. Electrolytes are substances that dissociate into ions in solution and conduct electricity.

Review Questions

• What are the products of water molecule dissociation?
• How does the degree of dissociation differ between strong acids/bases and weak acids/bases?
• Why is dissociation important for understanding pH levels in solutions?

Related terms

Ionization: The process by which an atom or molecule gains or loses electrons to form ions.

Electrolyte: A substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that conducts electric current.

pH:

A measure of the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution, indicating its acidity or alkalinity.