Corpus callosum

Definition

The corpus callosum is a large bundle of nerve fibers that connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain, facilitating interhemispheric communication. It plays a crucial role in integrating motor, sensory, and cognitive performances between both sides of the brain.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The corpus callosum consists of about 200 million axons.
2. It is essential for coordinating activities such as seeing, hearing, speaking, and thinking.
3. Damage to the corpus callosum can result in split-brain syndrome, affecting coordination between the two hemispheres.
4. It develops during prenatal growth and continues to mature through early childhood.
5. The corpus callosum's structure can be visualized using MRI scans.

Review Questions

• What is the primary function of the corpus callosum?
• How many axons approximately make up the corpus callosum?
• What are some potential effects of damage to the corpus callosum?

Related terms

Cerebral Cortex:

The outer layer of neural tissue covering the brain's hemispheres, involved in many complex brain functions including memory, attention, perception, cognition, awareness, thought, language, and consciousness.

Thalamus:

A structure within the brain that acts as a relay station for sensory and motor signals to the cerebral cortex.

Basal Ganglia: A group of nuclei in the brain associated with a variety of functions including control of voluntary motor movements and procedural learning.