Coenzymes

Definition

Coenzymes are organic non-protein molecules that bind to enzymes and assist in catalyzing reactions. They often act as carriers of electrons, atoms, or functional groups transferred during the reaction.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Coenzymes are essential for the activity of certain enzymes.
2. Many vitamins function as coenzymes or precursors to coenzymes.
3. They can be tightly or loosely bound to the enzyme they assist.
4. Common examples include NAD+, FAD, and Coenzyme A.
5. Coenzymes are regenerated after the reaction, allowing them to participate in multiple cycles.

Review Questions

• What is the primary role of a coenzyme in enzymatic reactions?
• How do coenzymes differ from cofactors?
• Give an example of a vitamin that acts as a coenzyme and describe its function.

Related terms

Enzyme: Proteins that act as biological catalysts to speed up chemical reactions.

Cofactor: Non-protein chemical compounds that are required for the proper functioning of an enzyme.

NAD+:

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; a common coenzyme involved in redox reactions.