Beta cells are specialized cells located in the islets of Langerhans within the pancreas. They play a critical role in regulating blood glucose levels by secreting insulin.
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Beta cells produce and release insulin in response to elevated blood glucose levels.
They make up about 65-80% of the cells in the islets of Langerhans.
Malfunction or destruction of beta cells can lead to diabetes mellitus, particularly Type 1 diabetes.
Beta cells also synthesize C-peptide, which is released into the bloodstream along with insulin.
Calcium ion influx into beta cells triggers the release of insulin.