Anions

Definition

Anions are negatively charged ions formed when an atom gains one or more electrons. They play crucial roles in various biological and chemical processes.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Anions are typically larger than their parent atoms due to the addition of one or more electrons.
2. Common examples of anions include chloride (Cl-), sulfate (SO4^2-), and nitrate (NO3-).
3. Anions are essential for maintaining the osmotic balance within cells and tissues.
4. They often participate in ionic bonds, forming salts with positively charged cations.
5. The formation of anions is a key concept in understanding acid-base chemistry and pH balance in biological systems.

Review Questions

• What causes an atom to become an anion?
• Provide two examples of biologically important anions.
• How do anions differ from their parent atoms in terms of size?

Related terms

Cations:

Positively charged ions formed when an atom loses one or more electrons.

Ionic Bond: A type of chemical bond formed between a cation and an anion.

Electronegativity:

The tendency of an atom to attract electrons towards itself, influencing the formation of ions.