Addison’s disease

Definition

Addison's disease is a disorder where the adrenal glands do not produce enough hormones, particularly cortisol and aldosterone. It can lead to symptoms such as fatigue, muscle weakness, and low blood pressure.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Addison's disease results from damage to the adrenal cortex.
2. Symptoms often include hyperpigmentation of the skin, especially in areas exposed to friction.
3. It is diagnosed through blood tests measuring cortisol levels and ACTH stimulation tests.
4. Management involves lifelong hormone replacement therapy with medications like hydrocortisone or fludrocortisone.
5. A crisis situation called an Addisonian crisis can occur, characterized by severe hypotension and requires immediate medical attention.

Review Questions

• What hormones are primarily affected by Addison's disease?
• How is Addison’s disease typically diagnosed?
• What emergency condition can arise from untreated Addison’s disease?

Related terms

Adrenal Cortex: The outer portion of the adrenal gland responsible for producing corticosteroids like cortisol.

Cortisol:

A steroid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that regulates metabolism and immune response.

ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic Hormone): A hormone produced by the pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal cortex to release cortisol.