Vocal folds

Definition

Vocal folds, also known as vocal cords, are two bands of smooth muscle tissue located in the larynx that vibrate to produce sound when air is expelled from the lungs. These structures are crucial for speech production, allowing for pitch variation and volume control, which directly influences communication. Their ability to change tension and length contributes to the richness and diversity of human vocalization.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Vocal folds can adjust their tension and length, which allows speakers to produce a wide range of pitches.
2. The average length of vocal folds in adult males is approximately 17-23 mm, while in adult females it ranges from 13-17 mm.
3. Health issues such as nodules or polyps on the vocal folds can significantly impact a person's ability to speak or sing effectively.
4. The fundamental frequency of vibration of the vocal folds determines the perceived pitch of the voice.
5. Vocal fold vibrations occur at different rates for different individuals, contributing to unique voice qualities that make each person's voice recognizable.

Review Questions

• How do changes in tension and length of vocal folds affect speech production?
  • Changes in tension and length of vocal folds directly impact speech production by altering pitch and volume. When tension increases, the pitch rises, while relaxing the folds lowers the pitch. This ability to modify their physical properties enables speakers to convey emotions, ask questions, or emphasize points in their speech, making communication more effective.
• Discuss the role of phonation in speech production and how it is connected to vocal fold function.
  • Phonation is essential for speech production as it involves the vibration of vocal folds when air from the lungs passes through them. The frequency at which these folds vibrate defines pitch, while variations in airflow influence loudness. The coordination between breath control and phonation enables clear articulation and expression in spoken language.
• Evaluate how health issues affecting vocal folds can impact communication abilities and what interventions might be necessary.
  • Health issues like nodules, polyps, or inflammation on the vocal folds can severely restrict a person's ability to communicate effectively, leading to hoarseness or loss of voice. These conditions may necessitate interventions such as voice therapy, medical treatments, or even surgical procedures to restore normal function. Addressing these problems not only improves vocal quality but also enhances overall social interaction and quality of life for affected individuals.

Related terms

Larynx:

The larynx is the voice box located in the neck that houses the vocal folds and is responsible for sound production and protecting the trachea against food aspiration.

Phonation: Phonation refers to the process of producing vocal sound by the vibration of the vocal folds as air passes through them.

Resonance: Resonance is the quality of sound that is produced by the vocal folds and shaped by the throat, mouth, and nasal cavities, affecting the timbre of the voice.