Church of the Company

Definition

The Church of the Company, also known as the Compañía de Jesús, is a significant architectural and religious institution established by the Jesuits in Latin America during the colonial period. This church often served as a focal point for Jesuit missionary efforts and embodied the baroque style prevalent in colonial art and architecture, which merged European influences with local traditions and materials.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Church of the Company often featured elaborate facades and interiors decorated with ornate altarpieces and paintings, typical of the baroque style.
2. Jesuits played a crucial role in the education and evangelization of indigenous peoples, using the church as a base for their missionary activities.
3. Many Churches of the Company were built using local materials, which showcased a blend of European architectural styles with indigenous craftsmanship.
4. The Compañía de Jesús faced opposition during various periods, especially during the expulsion of the Jesuits from several countries in the late 18th century.
5. The legacy of the Church of the Company can be seen today in many Latin American cities, where these churches remain as historical landmarks and examples of colonial art and architecture.

Review Questions

• How did the architectural style of the Church of the Company reflect both European influences and local traditions in colonial Latin America?
  • The Church of the Company exemplified a fusion of European baroque architectural styles with local traditions by incorporating indigenous materials and craftsmanship into its design. This blending created structures that were not only visually impressive but also culturally relevant to the local populations. For instance, while the ornate facades and intricate interiors mirrored European tastes, elements such as locally sourced stone or indigenous motifs brought a unique identity to each church.
• Discuss the role of Jesuits in establishing the Church of the Company and how it contributed to their mission in Latin America.
  • Jesuits were instrumental in establishing the Church of the Company as part of their broader mission to evangelize and educate indigenous peoples. This church served as a hub for missionary activities, where they could conduct religious services, provide education, and facilitate cultural exchange. The presence of such churches helped solidify Jesuit influence in colonial society while also acting as a means to promote Christianity among diverse populations.
• Evaluate the impact of political changes on the fate of Churches of the Company in Latin America during the 18th century.
  • Political changes in the 18th century, particularly the expulsion of Jesuits from various territories, significantly impacted Churches of the Company. As these institutions lost their primary caretakers, many faced neglect or repurposing for secular uses. This decline reflected broader shifts in power dynamics between colonial authorities and religious orders. Consequently, some churches became symbols of resistance to colonial rule or were repurposed for nationalistic sentiments as newly independent nations sought to redefine their identities post-colonialism.

Related terms

Jesuits: A religious order founded in 1534, known for its educational, missionary, and cultural activities around the world, particularly in colonized regions.

Baroque Architecture: An elaborate and grand style of architecture that originated in Italy in the early 17th century, characterized by intricate details, dramatic use of light and shadow, and dynamic forms.

Missions: Settlements established by missionaries to spread Christianity among indigenous populations, often becoming centers of cultural exchange and education.