AP US History

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Steel

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AP US History

Definition

Steel is an alloy made primarily of iron, which is enhanced with carbon and other elements to improve its strength, durability, and resistance to corrosion. This material played a crucial role in the rapid industrialization and westward expansion of the United States, allowing for the construction of railroads, bridges, and buildings that facilitated movement and settlement across the continent.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. The development of steel allowed for stronger and more durable railroads, which were essential for transporting goods and settlers westward.
  2. Steel was a key material in constructing iconic structures like skyscrapers and bridges, showcasing its versatility and strength.
  3. The Bessemer Process revolutionized steel production by making it cheaper and faster, thus accelerating industrial growth in the United States.
  4. The demand for steel grew rapidly during the late 19th century, driving advancements in mining and metallurgy as well as creating numerous jobs.
  5. Steel's role in manufacturing weapons and machinery also had significant implications for military power during this period of expansion.

Review Questions

  • How did the introduction of steel impact the development of railroads during westward expansion?
    • The introduction of steel dramatically improved the construction and durability of railroads, which were vital for westward expansion. Steel tracks allowed for heavier trains to travel faster over longer distances without deterioration. This made it possible to transport goods, resources, and settlers efficiently across vast landscapes, effectively connecting the eastern states with the growing western territories.
  • Discuss the significance of the Bessemer Process in relation to steel production and its effects on industrial growth during this era.
    • The Bessemer Process was significant because it drastically lowered the cost of steel production, making it more accessible for various industries. This process increased the supply of steel needed for infrastructure projects like railroads and buildings. As a result, it fueled industrial growth by providing materials for rapid urbanization and expansion, enabling America to become a leading industrial power by the turn of the century.
  • Evaluate how steel manufacturing influenced social and economic changes during westward expansion.
    • Steel manufacturing influenced social and economic changes profoundly during westward expansion by creating new job opportunities and promoting urbanization. As industries grew around steel production, people flocked to cities seeking work in factories. The availability of steel also led to advancements in transportation infrastructure that connected regions, facilitating commerce and migration. Overall, these shifts contributed to a transformative period where society moved from rural agrarian lifestyles towards urban industrial economies.
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