Move West

Definition

Move West refers to the 19th-century migration of American settlers into the western territories of the United States, driven by the belief in Manifest Destiny, the idea that it was the nation's God-given right to expand across the continent. This movement significantly transformed the social, economic, and political landscape of the nation, leading to conflicts with Native Americans and other nations, as well as shaping the development of new states and communities.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The concept of Move West was fueled by Manifest Destiny, which promoted expansion as a moral duty and national mission.
2. The Gold Rush of 1849 accelerated westward migration, leading to a massive influx of settlers into California and the western territories.
3. Settlers faced numerous challenges on their journey west, including harsh weather, difficult terrain, and conflicts with Native American tribes.
4. The completion of the Transcontinental Railroad in 1869 significantly facilitated westward movement, connecting the eastern states with the western territories.
5. The move west also led to significant environmental changes and contributed to the displacement and suffering of numerous Native American tribes.

Review Questions

• How did Manifest Destiny influence the Move West and shape American society during the 19th century?
  • Manifest Destiny played a crucial role in motivating settlers to Move West by instilling a sense of purpose and entitlement among Americans. This belief justified territorial expansion and framed it as a moral obligation to spread democracy and civilization. As a result, this ideology not only propelled migration but also fostered a culture that emphasized individualism and self-reliance while often disregarding the rights and lives of Native Americans and other groups affected by westward expansion.
• Discuss the impact of the Homestead Act on westward expansion and its effects on American settlement patterns.
  • The Homestead Act significantly impacted westward expansion by incentivizing settlers to move into previously unoccupied lands. By offering 160 acres of land for a small fee and requiring improvements within five years, it encouraged thousands of families to migrate westward. This act not only transformed demographics in many regions but also facilitated agricultural development, leading to increased conflicts over land ownership and usage, especially with Native American tribes who had historically inhabited these areas.
• Evaluate the long-term consequences of the Move West on Native American populations and their cultures.
  • The Move West had devastating long-term consequences for Native American populations, including forced removal from ancestral lands through treaties often made under duress or broken outright. As settlers encroached on their territories, traditional ways of life were disrupted, leading to cultural erosion and loss of sovereignty. The introduction of new diseases further decimated populations, while military conflicts over land resulted in significant loss of life and autonomy for many tribes. This legacy continues to affect Native American communities today, highlighting ongoing struggles for rights and recognition.

Related terms

Manifest Destiny:

The belief that it was the divine right of Americans to expand westward across North America, justifying territorial acquisitions and displacing indigenous populations.

Homestead Act:

A law passed in 1862 that encouraged westward migration by providing settlers with 160 acres of public land in exchange for a small fee and the commitment to improve the land.

Oregon Trail:

A major route that settlers took to move west, stretching over 2,000 miles from Missouri to Oregon, used primarily during the 1840s and 1850s.