Gettysburg

Definition

Gettysburg refers to a pivotal battle fought from July 1 to July 3, 1863, during the American Civil War, which marked a turning point in the conflict. It was one of the largest and bloodiest battles, resulting in significant casualties and leading to a decisive victory for the Union forces. The battle also set the stage for President Abraham Lincoln's famous Gettysburg Address, emphasizing the principles of liberty and equality.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Battle of Gettysburg was fought between July 1 and July 3, 1863, and resulted in approximately 51,000 soldiers being killed, wounded, or missing.
2. This battle is often regarded as the turning point in the Civil War as it halted Confederate General Robert E. Lee's invasion of the North.
3. The Union victory at Gettysburg strengthened Northern morale and solidified support for the war effort, while severely damaging Confederate forces.
4. President Lincoln's Gettysburg Address, delivered months after the battle, emphasized national unity and the importance of fighting for freedom and equality.
5. The battlefield at Gettysburg has since become a national cemetery and a symbol of sacrifice, with many memorials commemorating those who fought there.

Review Questions

• How did the outcome of the Battle of Gettysburg influence the morale and strategy of both the Union and Confederate forces?
  • The outcome of the Battle of Gettysburg greatly boosted Union morale and reinvigorated support for their cause. The decisive Union victory not only halted Lee's advance into Northern territory but also demonstrated that Confederate forces could be defeated. This shift in momentum encouraged further military engagements by Union leaders and contributed to a more aggressive approach in subsequent campaigns against the Confederacy.
• Discuss the significance of President Lincoln's Gettysburg Address in relation to the values and purpose of the Civil War.
  • Lincoln's Gettysburg Address served as a powerful reminder of the principles for which the Civil War was fought—liberty, equality, and national unity. By framing the conflict as a test of America's commitment to these ideals, Lincoln redefined the war's purpose beyond merely preserving the Union. His address also connected the sacrifices made at Gettysburg to a larger vision of a nation dedicated to democratic values, inspiring future generations.
• Evaluate how the Battle of Gettysburg shaped subsequent military tactics and political developments during the Civil War.
  • The Battle of Gettysburg had lasting impacts on military tactics as it highlighted the necessity for effective communication and coordination among Union forces. Following this battle, Union generals began implementing more strategic planning to avoid costly frontal assaults that had led to high casualties. Politically, it reinforced Northern resolve and ultimately contributed to President Lincoln's reelection in 1864, allowing him to continue pursuing policies aimed at ending slavery and restoring peace through a unified nation.

Related terms

Battle of Gettysburg:

A three-day battle that was fought in and around the town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, and is often considered the turning point of the Civil War.

Union Army:

The land force that fought for the Northern states during the American Civil War, aimed at preserving the Union against the Confederate states.

Gettysburg Address:

A speech delivered by Abraham Lincoln on November 19, 1863, at the dedication of the Soldiers' National Cemetery in Gettysburg, reinforcing the values of liberty and national unity.