Early 18th Century

Definition

The Early 18th Century refers to the period roughly from 1700 to 1750, characterized by significant social, political, and economic changes in the American colonies. This era saw the development of a distinct American identity shaped by emerging cultural practices, religious diversity, and growing tensions between colonists and British authorities. The complexities of colonial society during this time laid the groundwork for future revolutionary sentiments and national unity.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Early 18th Century was marked by the growth of colonial population and prosperity, leading to increased trade and commerce in the Americas.
2. Colonial society became more diverse with the influx of various immigrant groups, which contributed to a blend of cultural traditions and practices.
3. The Great Awakening played a crucial role in shaping American identity by promoting religious enthusiasm and challenging established religious institutions.
4. During this time, the idea of independence began to take root as colonists increasingly viewed themselves as distinct from Britain due to differing political and social values.
5. The concept of 'salutary neglect' allowed the colonies to self-govern more effectively, leading to an increase in local political participation and a sense of American identity.

Review Questions

• How did the Great Awakening influence the development of an American identity during the Early 18th Century?
  • The Great Awakening significantly influenced American identity by promoting individualism and emotional connections to faith. It encouraged colonists to question traditional authority, including both church and state, fostering a sense of independence that resonated throughout society. As people experienced new forms of worship and sought personal relationships with God, it also facilitated a unifying experience among diverse groups, helping to shape a collective American identity.
• Discuss how salutary neglect impacted colonial governance and society during the Early 18th Century.
  • Salutary neglect allowed the colonies considerable freedom in their internal affairs, leading to an increase in self-governance. As colonists managed their own political systems and economic practices without heavy British oversight, they developed unique identities separate from Britain. This growing autonomy fostered a culture of political participation and civic engagement among colonists, contributing to tensions that would later fuel revolutionary sentiments.
• Evaluate the significance of mercantilism in shaping economic relationships between the colonies and Britain during the Early 18th Century and its long-term implications.
  • Mercantilism played a crucial role in defining economic relationships between the colonies and Britain by emphasizing trade policies designed to benefit the British economy. While it aimed at enriching Britain through colonial resources, it often limited colonial trade with other nations, leading to frustration among colonists. This economic control fostered resentment towards British rule, as many colonists began to see these restrictions as detrimental to their own prosperity, laying foundational grievances that would culminate in calls for independence.

Related terms

Great Awakening:

A religious revival movement that swept through the American colonies in the early 18th century, emphasizing emotional spirituality and individual piety.

Salutary Neglect:

A British policy of minimal interference in colonial affairs, allowing the colonies to develop a sense of autonomy and self-governance.

Mercantilism:

An economic theory that dominated European thought during this period, promoting the idea that national strength could be maximized by limiting imports via tariffs and maximizing exports.