The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is a tiny region in the brain located in the hypothalamus, directly above the optic chiasm. It controls circadian rhythms.
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A hormone produced by pineal gland that helps regulate sleep-wake cycles. Its production increases with darkness and decreases with light exposure, under control of SCN.
A part of brain involved in many functions including hormone production, regulation of body temperature, hunger, moods etc., which also houses SCN.
Optic Chiasm: The point in the brain where the optic nerves from each eye meet and partially cross over. It's crucial for binocular vision and also transmits light information to SCN.