key term - Pineal Gland

Definition

A small, pea-shaped gland in the brain. Its function isn't fully understood. Researchers do know that it produces and regulates some hormones, including melatonin.

Related terms

Melatonin:

A hormone produced by the pineal gland at night or in response to darkness. It plays a crucial role in sleep and circadian rhythms.

Serotonin:

A neurotransmitter that has a wide variety of functions in the body. It's sometimes called the feel-good neurotransmitter because it contributes to wellbeing and happiness.

Circadian Rhythms: Physical, mental, and behavioral changes that follow a daily cycle. They respond primarily to light and darkness in an organism's environment.