Modifying behavior refers to the process of changing or altering an individual's actions or responses through various interventions and techniques. It involves using strategies to encourage desired behaviors and discourage unwanted ones.
Punishment is the application of aversive consequences or removal of positive stimuli after an undesired behavior occurs in order to decrease its frequency.
Extinction involves eliminating a previously reinforced behavior by no longer providing reinforcement for it, resulting in a decrease in its occurrence over time.