The Levels of Processing Theory suggests that the depth of processing applied to information during encoding determines its likelihood of being stored in long-term memory. It emphasizes that deeper, more meaningful processing leads to better memory retention.
Shallow processing refers to the superficial encoding of information without much thought or elaboration. For example, simply repeating a word without giving it any meaning or context.
Elaborative Encoding: Elaborative encoding involves relating new information to existing knowledge or making connections between different pieces of information. This type of processing enhances understanding and promotes better memory storage.
Transfer-appropriate Processing: Transfer-appropriate processing suggests that memory retrieval is most effective when the cognitive processes used during encoding match those used during retrieval. In other words, the way we process information initially should align with how we will need to remember and recall that information later on.