When someone receives offensive or disrespectful remarks or actions towards them, they are said to be insulted. It can elicit negative emotions and potentially trigger certain behaviors.
The term aggression refers to any behavior intended to cause harm or inflict pain on others. In this context, it could explain why someone might respond aggressively when insulted.
Frustration occurs when one's desires or goals are blocked or hindered. If being insulted leads to frustration, it may increase the likelihood of an aggressive response.
Self-esteem: Self-esteem is an individual's evaluation of their own worth and value. If insults threaten one's self-esteem, it may provoke an aggressive reaction as a means of defending their self-worth.