Initiative vs. Guilt

Definition

This is Erikson's third stage of psychosocial development, occurring during ages 3-5 years old. Children begin to assert their power and control over the world through directing play and other social interactions. If they're encouraged and reinforced for their initiative, they develop a sense of initiative—a feeling of confidence in their ability to lead others and make decisions.

Related terms

Role Play: The act of imitating the character and behavior of someone who is different from yourself; it can be a way for children at this stage to explore different ways of viewing the world.

Socialization: The process by which individuals learn the values, behaviors, and social skills appropriate to their society or culture.

Conscience Development: The process by which children develop a moral understanding of right versus wrong; guilt can be seen as an aspect of this development when children feel bad about doing something that they perceive as wrong.