Magnetosphere: The magnetosphere plays a crucial role in aurora formation by trapping and guiding charged particles from solar wind towards Earth's poles.
Ionosphere: The ionosphere is a region of Earth's upper atmosphere where atoms and molecules become ionized due to high-energy radiation from the sun. It is involved in generating auroras.
Polar vortex: A polar vortex is a large-scale cyclonic circulation pattern that forms near Earth's poles. It can influence atmospheric conditions and affect aurora visibility.