Protestantism is a branch of Christianity that originated from the Reformation movement led by Martin Luther in the 16th century. It emphasizes individual interpretation of scripture, salvation through faith alone (sola fide), and rejects certain Catholic practices.
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Catholicism: A branch of Christianity led by the Pope in Rome that follows traditional rituals and sacraments.
Reformation: A religious movement in Europe during the 16th century that aimed to reform certain practices within Catholicism and led to the establishment of Protestant denominations.
Sola Scriptura: A principle in Protestant theology which asserts that Scripture alone should be considered authoritative for Christian belief and practice.