The rain shadow effect occurs when a mountain range blocks prevailing moisture-laden winds, causing one side of the mountain to be relatively dry while the other side receives abundant rainfall.
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Orographic Precipitation: Precipitation caused by air being forced up and over mountains, leading to cooling and condensation.
Prevailing Winds: Global wind patterns that blow consistently in certain directions due to factors like temperature differences between equatorial regions and polar regions.
Climate Zones: Different regions on Earth characterized by distinct climate patterns based on factors such as latitude, altitude, proximity to oceans or mountains.