Flash flood: A flash flood is a sudden and rapid flooding that typically occurs within six hours after heavy rainfall. It poses significant risks due to its quick onset.
Coastal flooding: Coastal flooding happens when ocean waters rise above normal levels and inundate coastal areas. It can be caused by storms, high tides, or sea-level rise.
Floodplain: A floodplain is an area adjacent to a river that naturally floods during periods of high water flow. These areas are important for nutrient deposition and support diverse ecosystems.