key term - Denitrification

Definition

Denitrification is a natural process in which certain bacteria convert nitrates (NO3-) into nitrogen gas (N2), releasing it back into the atmosphere. It occurs primarily in oxygen-depleted environments, such as wetlands and soil.

Related terms

Nitrogen Fixation: The conversion of atmospheric nitrogen gas (N2) into forms usable by plants through biological or industrial processes.

Nitrification:

The process by which ammonia (NH3) is converted into nitrites (NO2-) and then further oxidized to nitrates (NO3-), making nitrogen available for plant uptake.

Eutrophication:

The excessive enrichment of water bodies with nutrients, often caused by agricultural runoff or sewage discharge, leading to harmful algal blooms and oxygen depletion.