Synchronization: Synchronization refers to coordinating the timing and order of operations between multiple processes or threads to ensure proper communication and avoid conflicts.
Race condition: A race condition occurs when two or more processes access shared resources simultaneously, leading to unpredictable outcomes due to interference and lack of synchronization.
Deadlock: Deadlock happens when two or more processes are waiting indefinitely for each other to release resources required by them, resulting in no progress being made by any process involved.