Overriding occurs when a subclass provides its own implementation of a method that is already defined in its superclass. The overridden method in the subclass replaces the implementation inherited from the superclass.
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The method signature consists of the method name and parameter list. When overriding a method, it must have the same signature as the original method in order to replace it.
Dynamic Binding: Dynamic binding refers to determining at runtime which implementation of an overridden method will be called based on the actual type of object being referred to.
Virtual Function: In languages like C++, virtual functions allow dynamic binding at runtime by using pointers or references to base-class objects.