Electromagnetic Radiation encompasses all forms of energy that travel in waves at the speed of light. This includes radio waves, microwaves, infrared rays, visible light, ultraviolet rays, X-rays and gamma rays.
Frequency refers to how many wave cycles pass a given point per unit time. In our analogy above it's like how often your favorite song plays on each station.
Radiation Spectrum: The complete range or array of electromagnetic wavelengths emitted by an object due its temperature is called its radiation spectrum.
Polarization: Polarization describes the direction in which an electromagnetic wave oscillates.