HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a retrovirus that attacks cells in the immune system, leading to progressive deterioration and potentially resulting in AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome).
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CD4 T-Cells: These are white blood cells that play crucial roles in our immune response by signaling other cells to perform their functions during an infection.
Antiretroviral Therapy (ART): A treatment for HIV involving medications that prevent the virus from replicating, thus slowing down disease progression.
Opportunistic Infections: Infections caused by pathogens that take advantage of a weakened immune system, often seen in advanced stages of HIV infection.