Humanism: Humanism was an intellectual movement during the Renaissance that emphasized human potential for achievement through education and rational thinking.
Perspective: Perspective refers to creating an illusion of depth on a two-dimensional surface by using techniques such as vanishing points and foreshortening. It was a significant development in Renaissance art.
Chiaroscuro: Chiaroscuro is an Italian term meaning "light-dark." It refers to the use of strong contrasts between light and dark areas in a painting to create a sense of volume, depth, and dramatic effect.