Intervertebral Discs

Definition

Intervertebral discs are flexible, cushion-like structures located between the vertebrae of the spine. They serve to connect and support the vertebrae, absorb shock, and facilitate spinal flexibility and movement.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Intervertebral discs make up about one-quarter of the total length of the vertebral column.
2. The discs act as shock absorbers, distributing the compressive forces exerted on the spine during movement and activity.
3. Degeneration or injury to the intervertebral discs can lead to conditions like herniated discs, spinal stenosis, and degenerative disc disease.
4. The discs are composed of a softer, more gelatinous nucleus pulposus surrounded by a tough, fibrous annulus fibrosus.
5. Intervertebral discs play a crucial role in the embryonic development of the axial skeleton, forming from the sclerotome of the somites.

Review Questions

• Explain how the structure and composition of intervertebral discs support and protect the vertebral column.
  • The intervertebral discs are composed of a soft, gelatinous nucleus pulposus surrounded by a tough, fibrous annulus fibrosus. This structure allows the discs to act as shock absorbers, distributing compressive forces exerted on the spine during movement and activity. The discs connect and support the vertebrae, facilitating spinal flexibility and range of motion. Additionally, the discs play a crucial role in the embryonic development of the axial skeleton, forming from the sclerotome of the somites.
• Describe the role of intervertebral discs in the functions of the skeletal system.
  • Intervertebral discs are essential components of the vertebral column, which is the central structure of the axial skeleton. The discs connect and support the vertebrae, allowing for a range of spinal movements while also absorbing shock and distributing compressive forces. This flexibility and shock absorption provided by the intervertebral discs are critical for the skeletal system's functions, such as protecting the spinal cord, facilitating movement, and maintaining proper posture and alignment.
• Analyze how the degeneration or injury of intervertebral discs can impact the classification and function of joints in the vertebral column.
  • Intervertebral discs form cartilaginous joints between the vertebrae, allowing for limited movement and flexibility in the spine. However, the degeneration or injury of these discs can lead to conditions like herniated discs, spinal stenosis, and degenerative disc disease. These pathologies can alter the classification and function of the joints in the vertebral column, potentially limiting range of motion, causing pain, and affecting the overall stability and integrity of the axial skeleton. The disruption of the discs' structure and cushioning properties can significantly impact the skeletal system's ability to support and protect the body, highlighting the critical role of intervertebral discs in maintaining proper joint function within the vertebral column.

Related terms

Nucleus Pulposus:

The soft, gelatinous center of the intervertebral disc that provides cushioning and shock absorption.

Annulus Fibrosus:

The tough, fibrous outer layer of the intervertebral disc that helps to contain the nucleus pulposus and maintain the disc's shape.

Cartilaginous Joints:

The type of joint formed between the intervertebral discs and the vertebrae, allowing for limited movement and flexibility in the spine.