key term - Germinal centers

Definition

Germinal centers are specialized zones within lymph nodes and other lymphoid tissues where mature B lymphocytes rapidly proliferate, differentiate, and mutate their antibody genes during an immune response. This process enables the production of high-affinity antibodies necessary for effective immunity.

Related terms

Lymph nodes: Small, bean-shaped structures that filter lymph fluid and house immune cells like B lymphocytes involved in the body's defense mechanisms.

B lymphocytes:

A type of white blood cell that is part of the adaptive immune system, responsible for producing antibodies against antigens.

Antibodies: Proteins produced by B cells that recognize and neutralize foreign substances such as bacteria and viruses