Localism

Definition

Localism refers to an artistic approach that emphasizes regional culture, identity, and the unique characteristics of specific communities. This concept became especially prominent in American art between 1865 and 1968, as artists sought to reflect the lives, landscapes, and traditions of their local environments, often in contrast to broader national narratives. Localism fosters a sense of place and belonging, highlighting the importance of everyday experiences and regional distinctiveness in artistic expression.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Localism became a significant aspect of the Regionalist movement, with artists using their work to celebrate local traditions and stories.
2. Key figures associated with localism include Grant Wood, Thomas Hart Benton, and Charles Burchfield, who focused on depicting Midwestern landscapes and communities.
3. The localist approach often contrasted with urban themes in art, instead prioritizing rural life and agricultural settings.
4. Localism not only reflected regional identities but also served as a form of resistance against industrialization and urbanization in America.
5. This movement contributed to a growing appreciation for American folk culture and the narratives of everyday people during a time of rapid change in society.

Review Questions

• How did localism influence the works of key Regionalist artists during this period?
  • Localism profoundly influenced artists like Grant Wood and Thomas Hart Benton by encouraging them to focus on their regional environments. Their works celebrated the lives and stories of everyday people within their communities. By highlighting local landscapes and cultural identities, these artists created a sense of pride in rural America, which stood in stark contrast to the prevailing themes of urbanization during that time.
• In what ways did localism serve as a form of resistance against the broader trends of industrialization in American art?
  • Localism acted as a counter-narrative to industrialization by emphasizing the value of rural life and traditional communities. Artists employed local themes and subjects to showcase the beauty and importance of agricultural settings over the increasingly mechanized urban landscape. This focus on local culture helped to preserve regional identities at a time when many were feeling the pressure to conform to national trends dictated by industrial growth.
• Evaluate the legacy of localism in American art after 1968 and its relevance to contemporary artistic practices.
  • The legacy of localism can be seen in contemporary art through a renewed interest in place-based practices and community engagement. Artists today continue to explore regional identities, drawing inspiration from local histories and cultures while addressing modern social issues. This enduring focus reflects an ongoing dialogue about the relationship between art, identity, and locality, demonstrating how localism remains relevant as artists seek to connect deeply with their communities amid globalization.

Related terms

Regionalism:

A movement in art that focuses on depicting rural American life and landscapes, emphasizing regional subjects and local settings.

Social Realism:

An artistic movement that aims to draw attention to the social issues and struggles faced by ordinary people, often depicting the working class.

American Scene Painting:

A style of painting that emerged in the early 20th century, representing American life and landscapes, often blending elements of realism and localism.