Purposive sampling

Definition

Purposive sampling is a non-probability sampling technique where researchers select participants based on specific characteristics or criteria relevant to the study. This method is particularly useful for obtaining in-depth insights from a targeted group, ensuring that the sample aligns closely with the research objectives and questions.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Purposive sampling allows researchers to focus on specific groups or characteristics that are essential for answering their research questions.
2. It is not random, which means the results cannot be generalized to the larger population but can provide rich, qualitative insights.
3. This method is especially valuable in exploratory research where understanding the perspectives and experiences of a specific subset is crucial.
4. Purposive sampling can lead to selection bias if not carefully implemented, as it relies on the researcher's judgment to identify appropriate participants.
5. Different types of purposive sampling, such as homogeneous or maximum variation sampling, allow researchers to tailor their approach based on study needs.

Review Questions

• How does purposive sampling enhance the effectiveness of explanatory sequential design in research?
  • Purposive sampling enhances explanatory sequential design by allowing researchers to strategically select participants who can provide rich qualitative data to inform the initial phase of the study. This targeted approach ensures that the qualitative findings are deeply relevant to the specific issues being explored, leading to more insightful quantitative follow-up phases. As a result, researchers can develop a comprehensive understanding of complex phenomena through the integration of both qualitative and quantitative data.
• In what ways does purposive sampling differ from snowball sampling, and why might a researcher choose one over the other?
  • Purposive sampling focuses on selecting participants based on predefined characteristics relevant to the study's objectives, whereas snowball sampling relies on existing subjects to recruit additional participants. A researcher might choose purposive sampling when they need individuals with specific traits or experiences that are crucial for understanding a phenomenon. Conversely, snowball sampling may be preferred when studying hard-to-reach populations where traditional recruitment methods fail to identify potential participants.
• Evaluate the ethical implications of using purposive sampling in cross-cultural survey design.
  • Using purposive sampling in cross-cultural survey design raises important ethical considerations. Researchers must ensure that their participant selection does not perpetuate stereotypes or marginalize certain cultural groups. It’s essential to involve community members in defining what constitutes relevant characteristics and to communicate transparently about the study's purpose. Ethical issues may also arise if selected individuals feel pressured to participate due to their social connections or if their responses could inadvertently expose sensitive cultural information. Balancing research objectives with ethical integrity is crucial in these contexts.

Related terms

Non-probability sampling: A sampling technique where not all individuals have a chance of being selected, often used when the research focus requires specific types of respondents.

Snowball sampling: A non-probability sampling technique where existing study subjects recruit future subjects from among their acquaintances, useful for hard-to-reach populations.

Explanatory sequential design: A mixed methods research design where qualitative data is collected and analyzed first, followed by quantitative data to explain or build upon the initial findings.